Every Estonian company must submit an annual report, regardless of activity level. This obligation applies equally to e-Residents. What Is an Annual Report? The annual report summarizes: - financial activity (or lack thereof), - assets and liabilities, - management confirmation. Even companies with zero activity must submit a report.

Traveling through Southern Europe - Italy, Greece, and Spain - reveals a striking contrast to the digital-first economy of Northern Europe. While the North has almost entirely transitioned to cashless transactions, the South maintains a strong, sometimes aggressive, preference for cash. In Italy, for instance, cash is used in over 57% of transactions. As a financial professional, this raises critical questions about the shadow economy and the vast amount of tax revenue that

The dream of "nomadic freedom" is captivating, but from a professional accounting and risk management standpoint, this freedom is synonymous with high-level responsibility. In my practice working with expats, I have seen many professionals struggle not because of a lack of talent, but due to a failure in operational discipline. Mismanaging the balance between work tasks and leisure in a foreign environment often leads to a decline in billable hours, financial instability,

In Estonia, we have grown so accustomed to seamless, digital-first business processes that we often lose perspective on how complex entrepreneurship can be in other European jurisdictions. To illustrate the stark contrast, I’ve analyzed several real-world testimonials from professionals in Italy facing the daunting task of traditional incorporation.